Filling in the cracks...the rest of the intervals

If you take any major interval, and lower the top note by a half step (1 fret) you will get what is called a minor interval.

Note: when you see a b2,b3 etc. this indicated the relationship of a note to the major scale
(b2 is a half step lower than 2 that is in the major scale)

minor 2nd

minor 3rd

minor 6th

minor 7th

The only interval within an octave that has not been explained, is the interval that falls between a P4 and a P5. If you take any perfect interval and lower the top note by a half step, you get a diminished interval. If you raise the top note of any perfect interval by a half step, you get an augmented interval. Therefore the interval that falls between a P4 and a P5 really has 2 different names. I just depends on how you are thinking about it. A generic name for this interval is the tritone.

augmented 4th diminished 5th tritone

Intervals beyond an octave are called compound intervals, and will be the topic of another lesson.

Page 1, Intervals in the major scale

Page 3, Intervals and understanding the fretboard